Karbamazepinum - the description, contraindications, application

The latin name: Carbamazepine

Carbamazepine Pharmacological groups: Antiepileptic agents

Carbamazepine Working substance: Carbamazepine

Carbamazepine Application: the Epilepsy (excluding petit mal), maniacal conditions, prophylaxis of maniacal - depressive frustration, an alcoholic abstinence, a neuralgia of trigeminal and glossopharyngeal nerves, a diabetic neuropathy.

Carbamazepine Contraindications: Hypersensitivity (including to tricyclic antidepressants), AV blockade, a myelosuppression or an acute porphyria in an anamnesis, pregnancy (I a trimester).

Carbamazepine Side effects: Giddiness, exaltation, hallucinations, depression, aggressive behaviour, activation of a psychosis, a headache, a diplopia, infringements of an accommodation, a phacoscotasmus, a nystagmus, a conjunctivitis, a sonitus, change of gustatory sensations, infringements of speech (a dysarthtia, muffled speech), abnormal consensual movements, a peripheric neuritis, paresthesias, muscle delicacy and signs of a paresis, AV blockade, a stagnant heart failure, the exfoliative dermatitis, a set of symptoms (a dermal eruption, a urticaria, a hyperthermia, pharyngalgias, joints, delicacy), Stevens set of symptoms - Johnson, hyper or a hypotension, thromboembolisms, a dysfunction of kidneys, an interstitial nephritis, a nausea, a vomiting, rising of a level of hepatic enzymes, an icterus, a hepatitis, an osteomalacia, infringement of sex functions, a moderate leukopenia, a thrombocytopenia, infringements of a hemopoiesis, a hyponatremia, reactions of hypersensitivity of time-lagged type, Anaphylactic reactions.

Carbamazepine Interaction: It is incompatible with inhibitors . Enlarges a hepatotoxic of Isoniazidum. Reduces effects of anticoagulants, anticonvulsants (derivants of a hydantoin or succinimides), barbiturates, Clonazepamum, Primidonum, acids. Phenothiazines, Pimozidum, thioxanthenes strengthen oppression of the CNS (the convulsive threshold drops), Cimetidinum, , diltiazems, Verapamilum, erythromycin, reduce a metabolism (the risk of toxic action grows). Depresses activity of corticosteroids, estrogens and peroral contraceptives, Chinidinum, cardiac glycosides (an induction of a metabolism). On a background of inhibitors of a carbonic anhydrase the risk of infringements of a bone formation grows.

Carbamazepine Overdosage: Signs: a desorientation, a sleepiness, exaltation, hallucinations and a coma, misting of vision, a dysarthtia, a nystagmus, an ataxia, a dyskinesia, a -/hyporeflexia, cramps, a myoclonus, a hypothermia; a respiratory depression, a fluid lungs; a tachycardia, a -/hypertension, a cardiac standstill accompanying with a loss of consciousness; a vomiting, downstroke of a motility of a colon; a delay of a liquid, or an anuria, change of laboratory indexs: a hyponatremia, the metabolic acidosis, a hyperglycemia, rising of muscle fraction is possible. Treatment: an induction of a vomiting or a gastric lavage, purpose of absorbent coal and saline laxative, an artificial diuresis. For maintenance of permeability of respiratory paths - an intubation of a trachea, synthetic respiration and (or) application of Oxygenium. At a hypotension or a shock - plasma substitutes, Dofaminum or Dobutaminum, at occurrence of cramps - introduction of benzodiazepines (Diazepamum) or other. Anticonvulsants (at children probably intensifying of a respiratory depression, at development of a hyponatremia - restriction of a liquid, cautious intravenously an infusion of an isoosmotic solution of a sodium of Sodium chloridum. At a combination of a serious poisoning to renal failure the renal dialysis is shown. The specific antidote is absent. It is necessary to expect repeated intensifying of a symptomatology of an overdosage for 2-nd and 3-rd day after its beginning that is connected to a sluggish adsorption of a drug.

Carbamazepine Way of application and dose: Inside, adult - 100-1600 mg day (depending on indications and an expressiveness of disease), to children - 10-20 mg / kg day by series.

Carbamazepine Precautionary measures: Before the beginning and during therapy regular analyses of a blood (cellular elements) and urine, the control of indexs of function of a liver are recommended. With care appoint at presence in an anamnesis of diseases of heart, a liver or kidneys, at the hematological infringements, the raised ophthalmotonus, the latent psychosises, inadequate reaction to external stimulus, exaltation, the diseases described by cramps of mixed character, in advanced age, to drivers of vehicles and the persons operating mechanisms. It is not necessary to stop treatment suddenly. Padding reception of Acidum folicum (before offensive of pregnancy is recommended to women or during her); with the purpose of prevention of the raised hemorrhagic diathesis last weeks pregnancies and at newborns probably use of vitamin K.

Trading names of drugs with working substance Carbamazepine:
Karbamazepinum (Apo-Carbamazepine) Karbamazepinum - (Carbamazepin-Akri) Tegretolum (Tegretol CR) (Zeptol) Karbamazepinum - (Carbamazepine-Teva) (Timonil) Karbamazepinum (Carbamazepine) (Carbapin) (Finzepin) Karbamazepinum of 0,2 g (Carbamazepine 0,2 g) -200 (Carzepin-200) Finlepsinum (Finlepsin) Karbamazepinum (Karbamazepin Nycomed) (Mazepin) Finlepsinum 200 (Finlepsin 200 retard) Karbamazepinum of a tablet of 0,2 g (Tabulettae Carbamazepini 0,2 g) Tegretolum (Tegretol) Finlepsinum 400 (Finlepsin 400 retard)